Subject | Humanities & Social Sciences

  • Learning

Hiroshima 1945: Atomic Bombing and Journalism ~John Hersey (1914-1993)~

Hiroshima and Nagasaki are the first cities where the atomic bomb was used in warfare. Journalists in Japan were banned from reporting on the casualties and damages of the bombs, after the country came under occupation by the Allied Forces in September of 1945. The authorities feared it would interfere with implementing their policies. But the world would soon hear and see what had happened through the eyes of journalists from overseas. They witnessed the devastation first hand and filed their stories, knowing so well that they might go head to head with authorities. John Hersey, an American war correspondent, filed a story for The New Yorker in August 1946. His article sent a shockwave back home and led the US government to explain their justification for dropping the bomb: the use of the atomic bomb had spared the lives of one million US soldiers, which is how the US government legitimizes the bombings to this day. Revisiting how media reported or had not reported on the atomic bombings allows participants to think about the role of journalism vis-a-vis authorities and that of individual conscience. In this program, participants will watch videos produced by NHK WORLD-JAPAN and consider how journalists, governments and civilians had each sought out their roles in telling the stories of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to the world.

Content/学習内容

  • ⏩Hersey worked as war correspondent during World War 2.  He used his connection with the US military to get access to visiting Hiroshima in May 1946.  There, he met Reverent Kiyoshi Tanimoto who would come to play a pivotal role in Hersey's coverage of the atomic bombing and the surviving victims hibakusha.  Upon his return to the US, Hersey got in touch with the editor of The New Yorker and wrote what people often refer to as one of the masterpieces of the 20th century journalism, "Hiroshima."  Because of the sensitive nature of his work, the publication was carried out in secrecy and Hersey took precaution to temporarily relocate his family from New York City to a remote location.  His writing was a sensation. Henry Stimson, Secretary of War in WW2, reacted with a magazine article, which became the foundation for a US thinking to justify the dropping of the atomic bombs: it spared a million US soldiers' lives and brought an end to the war.  Hersey was gradually shunned away from the US mainstream media and "Hiroshima" too had retreated from the front line of the world affairs for the time.  

    ⏩ 第二次世界大戦中は従軍記者として名をはせたハーシーは、米軍とのコネクションを生かし1946年5月広島入りする。そこで、牧師・谷本清と出会い英語での書簡か交わし、凄まじい被爆体験に触れた。帰国後、雑誌「The New Yorker」の編集長と接触、20世紀ジャーナリズムの金字塔と言われる「HIROSHIMA」が出る。この出版にはリスクを伴うため秘密裏に行い、家族も大都市から地方に避難させていた。アメリカ社会に衝撃が走り、戦争中の米軍制服トップ、ヘンリー・スティムソンによる論文が発表される。「原爆投下で100万人アメリカ兵が救われた」との原爆投下の正当化の原型が作られていく。一方、ハーシーは米ジャーナリズムの主流から”放逐され”、長らくHIROSHIMAは忘れ去られる。

  • Designated TV Programs: NHK WORLD-JAPAN "Hiroshima Revealed" (2015)    

Staff/スタッフ

    • Teacher
    Robert Jacobs
    Professor,
    Hiroshima City University
    • Content Production
    Takaaki TAKAI
    Deputy Director, Bureau of Public Relations
    University of Tsukuba

Competency/コンピテンシー

Specialized competencies

  • Journalism
  • empowerment of the ability to understand
  • grasp a historic event in a multi-faceted way

Learning Goal

  • understand how the news of a-bomb was reported worldwide in a systemic way
  • understand how the US government had come to legitimize the bombing
  • learn about the impact of the a-bombing on non-Japanese nationals and build understanding for both the damage and perpetration
  • develop an undertanding of the role that journalism played in the aftermath of the bombing
  • learn about the cases how conscience of individuals can play a role under a certain political regime
  • develop an understanding of the role journalism could play in war when anger and hatred can divide people in friends ad foes

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