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Subject | International Affairs
Human Development for Peace
- Educational development
- Educational cooperation in theory
- Global health
- Public health studies
Human development, aimed at expanding the life choices of people living in developing countries, has long been positioned as the ultimate goal of development through international cooperation. This course compactly introduces, in an omnibus format, the core knowledge, skills, and latest findings essential for acquiring expertise in the fields of educational development and international health, which are regarded as pillars of human development, through lectures by leading researchers actively working in these areas (faculty members of the Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies). These researchers draw on their experiences in international development cooperation to provide an up-to-date perspective.
Specifically, the first two sessions serve as an introduction to the overall course, explaining the definition of human development and its relationship to peace. Subsequently, six sessions each are dedicated to lectures on educational development and international health. The content of these six sessions is finalized by the instructors based on the latest trends at the time of the course. Faculty members specializing in Japanese case studies will also join the lectures, introducing Japan’s development experiences and its advanced initiatives in each sector. In the field of international health, special emphasis is placed on global public health policies and infectious disease countermeasures, areas that have gained significant attention worldwide, including in ASEAN countries, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, content is provided on the fundamental indicators of macro-level educational and health data, including their definitions and interpretation methods. Through report writing, students are given opportunities to identify issues within their own country’s education and health sectors and to consider solutions to address these challenges. The 15th and final session summarizes the entire course, discussing the potential for international development cooperation through the integration of education and health sectors, the role of human development in promoting peace amid today’s turbulent international environment, and future prospects.
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©Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University. Last Update 2025-10-01
Content／学習内容
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What is Human Development?
- Capability approach
- Education
- Health
- Social protection
As an introduction to this course, participants will review the definition of human development and learn about the process through which this concept has been shaped within the history of international cooperation.
Videos
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Definition of Human Development
This part explains the concept of human development and its foundational Capability Approach, followed by an overview of the global state of human development.
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History of Mainstreaming Human Development Approach
This part organizes the history of how human development became mainstream in international cooperation and explains the process of its integration with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
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Core of Human Development: Education, Health, and Social Protection
This part provides an overview of the current state of education, health, and social security as key areas of human development, taking into account their interrelationships.
Lecturers
／講師
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Keiichi Ogawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Peace and Human Development
- Human security
- Human capital development
- Humanitarian assistance
- Education and health
This course focuses on exploring the relationship between peace and human development. The concept of peace is defined as positive peace, emphasizing how promoting human development contributes to its realization. The course also examines the concept of human security, highlighting the importance of protection against threats to human life and freedom, as well as the roles of empowerment and solidarity. Using the example of Yemen, where a prolonged civil war persists, the course analyzes the mechanisms of emergency humanitarian assistance and discusses the associated challenges.
Videos
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Positive Peace and Human Development
Promoting human development could contribute to positive peace. Both Positive Peace and Human Development indice emphasize the importance of multi-dimensional factors in understanding societal well-being.
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Human Security and Human Development
Human security is to protect the vital core of all human lives in ways that enhance human freedoms and human fulfillment..
Protection and empowerment of people are the two building blocks for achieving the goal of human security..
The re-shaped concept of human security goes beyond traditional elements of protection and empowerment by incorporating solidarity as a critical component. -
Exploring Role of Humanitarian Assistance
Development and humanitarian aid are complementary, addressing immediate needs while promoting long-term resilience and stability. In Yemen, where protracted conflict makes humanitarian assistance essential, funding limitations, complex coordination and other challenges hinder its effective delivery.
Lecturers
／講師
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Aiko Sakurai
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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What is Educational Development？
- Modernization theory and dependency theory
- Educational reproduction theory
- Rate of return to education
- Quality of education
This course aims to examine the concept of educational development from a multifaceted perspective by utilizing three main approaches: education, sociology, and economics. It analyzes international trends in educational theories and practices and seeks to understand the diverse impacts of education on individuals and society.
Videos
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Approach from Education
Overviewing the trend of international educational development.
Approaching education development from education by considering educational thoughts and practice in developing countries. Understanding the expansion of public education and child rights for education. -
Approach from Sociology
Sociology does not necessarily believe that education should be implemented as an investment for growth or a public service of the welfare state. In sociology, knowledge itself has different meanings depending on values, and education is considered to be more than just the transmission of knowledge.
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Approach from Economics
Understand the relationship between education and economic development. Rate of return analysis plays an important role in economic growth and poverty reduction. Understand the current issues regarding the quality of education.
Lecturers
／講師
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Aiko Sakurai
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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What is Education Statistics?
- Internal efficiency
- Equity in education
- Quality of education
This course learns the definitions of educational indicators frequently used to understand the current state of educational development and how to interpret them.
Videos
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Understanding Education Statistics
Based on global goals and indicators, including the SDGs, this part explains the importance of educational statistics and provides an overview of the basic indicators used in educational statistics.
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Access and Internal Efficiency
This part organizes educational indicators related to access to education and internal efficiency, and explain basic calculations and interpretations using simple examples.
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Equity and Quality
This part explain educational indicators related to equity and quality in education, and demonstrate basic calculations and interpretations using simple examples.
Lecturers
／講師
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Keiichi Ogawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Educational Administration and Finance
- Public goods
- Externality
- Decentralization
- Accountability
This content introduces the key concepts and basic analytical tools required for understanding the status of educational administration and finance in the participant’s own country.
Videos
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Why Educational Administration and Finance?
This part provides the definition of educational administration and finance used in this course. It also explains the importance of the government’s role in providing education, using economic terms such as public goods and externalities.
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Basic Concepts and Key Analytical Tools
This part introduces the basic concepts of educational finance. It also introduces the key indicators of adequacy and analytical tools for measuring equity.
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Decentralization
This part discusses the importance of efficiency in education financing, considering the relationship between education expenditures and outcomes. It also introduces the debate surrounding decentralization, often introduced to increase fiscal efficiency.
Lecturers
／講師
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Katsuki Sakaue
Associate Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Educational Policy and Planning
- Logical framework matrix (LogFrame)
- Results chain diagram
- Randomized control trial
- Evidence-based policymaking
This content outlines how to formulate education policies based on education sector analysis and plan education programs using the LogFrame.
Videos
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Analysis for Educational Planning
This part provides an overview of the policymaking cycle. It also explains the education sector analysis conducted before the planning stage and the problem/objective trees used in participatory workshops for policy formulation.
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Educational Planning and Operationalization
This part explains the steps to create the LogFrame and other steps required to implement the policy, including costing and financing.
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Educational Planning for M&E
After explaining the difference between monitoring and evaluation, this part outlines how to make a result chain diagram for evaluation, the basics of impact evaluation, and its relationship to evidence-based policymaking.
Lecturers
／講師
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Katsuki Sakaue
Associate Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Educational Development Assistance by Aid Agencies
- Multilateral Aid
- Bilateral Aid
This lecture will outline the history of educational development assistance and introduce the actual support provided by key actors, incorporating insights from practical experience.
Videos
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Trends in International Education Cooperation
This lecture explores the evolution of international education cooperation. It has developed from EFA to MDGs and SDGs, shifting the focus from expanding access to improving quality and promoting lifelong learning. While challenges such as learning poverty and funding shortages remain, new approaches, including digital learning and 21st-century skills development, are emerging. This lecture aims to deepen understanding of the framework and future challenges of international education cooperation.
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Key Actors in Educational Development Assistance
This lecture explores the key actors in educational development assistance. International education cooperation is supported by bilateral aid agencies (such as JICA and USAID), multilateral organizations (including UNESCO, the World Bank, UNICEF, and OECD), as well as NGOs and global partnerships like GPE. These organizations address various challenges, including expanding access to education, improving quality, and providing emergency education support. Understanding their roles and impact will provide deeper insight into the structure of international education cooperation.
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Ongoing Support in Educational Development
In this lecture, we will explore the current state and ongoing support of educational development assistance. While ODA reached a record high in 2023, funding shortages in the education sector remain a major challenge. Organizations such as UNESCO, UNICEF, the World Bank, JICA, USAID, and GPE are working to improve education quality and ensure equitable learning opportunities. Through this lecture, we can deepen our understanding of international education support systems and future challenges.
Lecturers
／講師
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Keiichi Ogawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Japanese Educational Development
- Modern education
- Law of Gakusei
- Terakoya
This course introduces the background of how Japan implemented modern education and achieved universal basic education after the Meiji Restoration, as well as its advanced initiatives in modern times.
Videos
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Overview of Japanese Education
This part explains the overview and characteristics of Japan’s educational history, and provide an overview of Japanese education during the Edo period, which laid the foundation for modern education in Japan.
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History of Universal Primary Education
This part organizes the period from the Meiji Restoration to the postwar educational reforms and explain how the universalization of education in Japan has evolved over time.
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Advanced Initiatives in Japanese Education
This part explains the educational reforms from the Showa era to the present day and describe the urgent issues Japan currently faces, along with the policies being implemented to address them.
Lecturers
／講師
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Keiichi Ogawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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What is International Healthcare?
- Global Health Governance
- International Health Regulations
This course explores various theories and their historical backgrounds that are frequently used to understand issues in international health, a key pillar of human development.
Videos
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Introduction to International Health
This course provides an overview of the fundamental concepts of international health and the historical background that shaped them. It deepens understanding of the causes of health disparities, the importance of cultural diversity, and the need for collaboration with local communities through theoretical frameworks and real-world case studies. The course also examines how social factors such as ethnicity and self-identification influence the practice of international health.
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Organization of International Health
This course provides an overview of the key international organizations and specialized agencies that structure the global framework of international health. It examines the roles and activities of institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations agencies, UNAIDS, the GAVI Alliance, and the Global Fund, with a focus on their collaboration and global health initiatives. Through the study of these organizations’ efforts in healthcare delivery, infectious disease control, vaccine distribution, and humanitarian assistance, students will gain a deeper understanding of the practical mechanisms supporting international health.
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Legislation of International Health
This course examines the legal and institutional frameworks that support international health governance. It focuses on the evolution and significance of the International Health Regulations (IHR), global health strategies outlined in key reports such as the World Health Report, and the concept of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) as outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals. Through these topics, students will explore how global cooperation, policy development, and legal instruments shape responses to public health threats and promote equitable access to healthcare worldwide.
Lecturers
／講師
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Minato Nakazawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Introduction to Demography
- Fertility
- Mortality
Students learn the definitions of indicators frequently used to understand the current state of global health, and how to interpret them.
Videos
／学習動画
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Demography and Data Collection
This lecture introduces the fundamental concepts and indicators of demography, focusing on the analysis of population dynamics such as birth, death, and migration. It also covers key data sources used in demographic analysis, including censuses, vital registration systems, and sample surveys. By the end of the session, students will gain essential knowledge of how to interpret population trends and understand the foundations of demographic data collection.
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Fertility
This lecture explains the basic concept of fertility and its role in natural population increase. It explores the differences between period fertility and cohort fertility, introducing key indicators for analyzing both short-term trends and long-term generational patterns. The session also covers social, economic, and cultural factors influencing fertility, along with challenges in fertility data analysis.
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Mortality
This lecture introduces the fundamental concepts of mortality and its significance in demography and public health. Key indicators such as life tables, age-specific death rates, infant mortality, and life expectancy are explained to understand mortality patterns and their underlying causes. The session also emphasizes the importance of reliable mortality data for health policy, international comparisons, and effective public health planning.
Lecturers
／講師
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Minato Nakazawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Healthcare Administration and Finance
- Healthcare Finance
- Social Security System
This course provides students with the key concepts necessary to understand the characteristics of their own country’s healthcare administration and finance system.
Videos
／学習動画
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Public Health Administration
This course examines the fundamental concepts, institutional frameworks, and international perspectives of public health administration. Through discussions on government-led resource allocation, welfare regime theory, and cross-national comparisons of healthcare systems, students will understand the background of policy decisions and the characteristics of diverse system models. By analyzing case studies from Japan and other countries, the course explores approaches to achieving sustainable and equitable public health governance.
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Medical Insurance System
This course explores the structure and function of medical insurance systems, with a focus on their role within broader social security frameworks. It examines the development of universal health coverage in Japan, the interaction between public and private insurance, and mechanisms such as the high-cost medical expense system. Through comparative and policy-oriented analysis, students will gain a deeper understanding of how medical insurance contributes to financial protection, healthcare access, and equity.
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Publicly Medical Aid and Recent Trends
This course provides an overview of the institutional framework and key components of publicly funded medical aid, including support for persons with disabilities, rare disease measures, and self-support medical care. It also examines recent policy trends in Japan, such as healthcare access for foreign residents and the integration of medical and long-term care in response to population aging. From the perspectives of equity, sustainability, and social inclusion, the course explores current challenges and future directions of public medical assistance systems.
Lecturers
／講師
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Minato Nakazawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Health Economics
- Public Health Policy
This course aims to study the basics of making evidence-based policy recommendations based on the analysis of challenges in the healthcare sector.
Videos
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Introduction to Health Economics
This lecture provides an overview of the definition of health economics, the mixed economy within the welfare state, and the positioning of health economics in society. Health economics is a discipline that seeks to achieve optimal healthcare delivery by balancing efficiency and equity under limited medical resources. It also deepens understanding of market failures caused by factors such as information asymmetry, uncertainty, and externalities in the healthcare sector, and the significance of government intervention in addressing them.
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Market Theory and Health Economics
This lecture provides an overview of how market theory applies to healthcare by exploring welfare economics and Pigou’s theory. Since healthcare goods are characterized by uncertainty, externalities, and irreversibility, efficient resource allocation through markets alone is often unattainable, making government intervention essential. By understanding these economic theories and the unique features of healthcare, students will gain foundational insights into health policy and system design.
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Basic Concept of Health Economics
This course aims to provide an understanding of market failures and their causes in health economics. In addition, it explores the significance of equity and financial protection through the redistributive mechanisms of social health insurance systems and their differences from private insurance. Furthermore, the course analyzes the composition of national healthcare expenditures and the factors driving their increase, fostering a perspective on the sustainability of healthcare systems.
Lecturers
／講師
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Minato Nakazawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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International cooperation and infectious disease control
- Viral infectious diseases
- HIV/AIDS
- Mosquito-borne infectious diseases
- Dengue
In this class, we will explain pathogenic viruses that cause infectious diseases that cause public health problems worldwide.
Videos
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Emerging and re-emerging viral infectious diseases
This course explains emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, as well as viral infections that have become a public health problems in these days.
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Mosquito-borne viral infectious diseases
This course explains mosquito-borne infectious diseases, as well as the viruses that cause mosquito-borne viral infectious diseases, such as dengue virus.
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HIV/AIDS
This course explains the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, the human immunodeficiency virus as the causative virus, and the mechanism of AIDS onset and treatment.
Lecturers
／講師
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Masanori Kameoka
Professor, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University
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Experience of Japan’s Healthcare
- Universal Health Coverage
- Community-Based Integrated Care
This course offers a comprehensive overview of the development of Japan’s healthcare and public health system, from its historical origins to recent innovations. It explores key reforms and policy milestones across different periods, including institutional modernization during the Meiji era, the postwar implementation of universal health coverage, and responses to an aging society. Through case studies on contemporary initiatives such as lifestyle disease prevention, cancer control, and community-based integrated care, students will gain insights into the strengths and evolution of Japan’s healthcare system.
Videos
／学習動画
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Overview of Japan’s Healthcare History
This course provides a historical overview of healthcare and public health in Japan, focusing on the development of medical systems, public health practices, and underlying philosophical foundations. Topics include traditional health concepts from the Edo period, the introduction of Western medicine during the Meiji era, the establishment of legal and institutional frameworks in the postwar period, and the evolution of modern public health administration. By examining these historical developments, students will gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and institutional characteristics that have shaped Japan’s healthcare system.
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Distinctive Initiatives for Improving Healthcare in Japan
This course examines Japan’s historical and contemporary initiatives aimed at improving the quality and accessibility of healthcare. It provides an overview of key policy developments across different periods, including the establishment of a structured healthcare system during the Meiji era, the implementation of universal health coverage and elderly care policies after World War II, and recent responses such as the introduction of community-based integrated care and financial reform. Through these case studies, students will gain an understanding of how Japan’s healthcare system has adapted to social challenges while pursuing sustainability and equity.
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Recent Initiatives in Healthcare in Japan
This course examines recent healthcare initiatives in Japan, focusing on health promotion policies, cancer prevention and tobacco control, and the optimization of healthcare resources. It explores the implementation of programs such as Healthy Japan 21, the Smart Life Project, and the development of community-based integrated care aimed at preventing lifestyle-related diseases and building a sustainable healthcare system. The course also addresses ongoing challenges, including health disparities and crisis response capacity, offering a multifaceted perspective on the current issues and future directions of Japanese healthcare policy.
Lecturers
／講師
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Minato Nakazawa
Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
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Human Development for Peace: Future Perspectives
- Global health
- School health
- Peace education
- Refugee education
As a conclusion of this course, the content reviews the major international initiatives for peace in each of the main pillars of human development: education and health. It also provides recent topics for considering the prospects of this field.
Videos
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Recent Topics on Global Health and Peace
After an overview of the previous contents of this course, this part presents some international initiatives in which the education and health sectors collaborate. It also provides an overview of the initiatives for peace in the field of global health in light of the latest trends.
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Recent Topics on International Educational Development and Peace
This part reviews the key topics in the field of education for peace, with a particular focus on the fundamentals of peace education. It also provides an overview of the initiatives for peace in the field of international educational development in light of the latest trends.
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A Case Study of Uganda and Conclusions
This part presents Uganda’s case on refugee education, which attracts particular attention. It also briefly discusses the prospects of human development for peace.
Lecturers
／講師
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Katsuki Sakaue
Associate Professor, Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University
Staff／スタッフ
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Keiichi OgawaKobe University Graduate School of International Cooperation StudiesProfessorCareerFormer World Bank Education Economist, Honorary Professor at Kyrgyz National University, National University of Laos, University of Dhaka, and Adjunct Professor at Columbia University
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Aiko SakuraiKobe University Graduate School of International Cooperation StudiesProfessorCareer
Former Partnership Specialist at the World Bank headquarters, international education development consultant, and education sector manager for Save the Children Japan’s Great East Japan Earthquake Recovery Program. Currently serving as a cross-appointed professor at the International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University.
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Keiichi OgawaKobe University Graduate School of International Cooperation StudiesProfessorCareer
Dr. Keiichi Ogawa is a former World Bank Education Economist and is also an Honorary Professor at Kyrgyz National University, National University of Laos, and University of Dhaka.
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Katsuki SakaueKobe University Graduate School of International Cooperation StudiesAssociate ProfessorCareer
Major: Economics of Education
Research Interests: International Educational Development, Evaluation of Education Policy -
Minato NakazawaKobe University Graduate School of International Cooperation StudiesProfessor
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Masanori KameokaKobe University Graduate School of Health SciencesProfessorCareer
Previously affiliated with the Section of Serology at the Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University; the Department of Biochemistry at Nara Medical University; the Department of Virology as well as the Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections at the Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University. Currently a Professor at the Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies, Kobe University.
Competency／コンピテンシー
Course Objectives
This course is designed to enable students to acquire fundamental concepts, theories, and analytical methods to contribute to achieving peace through human development (educational development and international health). In addition to understanding the current state of international development cooperation and ASEAN countries, the course provides knowledge on Japan’s development experiences, which are of significant interest in ASEAN nations, as well as policy proposal skills. It aims to cultivate individuals who can study in Japan, remain, and contribute to their home countries with advanced professional knowledge in the field of human development. The goal is to develop leaders capable of forming collaborative networks to address issues between their home ASEAN countries and Japan from a global perspective.
Learning Outcomes
The following standards must be met to achieve the five learning objectives of this course:
①Understand the fundamental concepts of human development, educational development, and international health and their historical context.
②Comprehend the current state of international development cooperation in the education and health sectors.
③Understand Japan’s development experiences in the education and health sectors.
④Interpret and explain key macro-level indicators used in education and health.
⑤Identify challenges in the education and health sectors of their own country and propose policies to solve them.
Information／その他の情報
References
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