Subject | Humanities & Social Sciences

  • Learning

Hiroshima 1945: Atomic Bombing and Journalism~Floyd Schmoe (1895-2001)~

Hiroshima and Nagasaki are the first cities where the atomic bomb was used in warfare. Journalists in Japan were banned from reporting on the casualties and damages of the bombs, after the country came under occupation by the Allied Forces in September of 1945. The authorities feared it would interfere with implementing their policies.
But the world would soon hear and see what had happened through the eyes of journalists from overseas. They witnessed the devastation firsthand and filed their stories, knowing so well that they might go head-to-head with the authorities. John Hersey, an American war correspondent, filed a story for The New Yorker in August 1946. His article sent a shockwave back home and led the US government to provide its justification for dropping the bombs: The use of the atomic bomb had spared the lives of one million US soldiers. This is how the US government legitimizes the bombings to this day. Revisiting how the media reported or had not reported on the atomic bombings allows participants to think about the role of journalism vis-à-vis authorities and that of individual conscience.
In this program, participants will watch videos produced by NHK WORLD-JAPAN, Japan’s sole public broadcaster, and consider how journalists, governments and civilians had each sought out their roles in telling the stories of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to the world.

Content/学習内容

  • Floyd Schmoe is an American Quaker who was a conscientious objector of war during both world wars and pursued peace through humanitarian work. He spoke and wrote about the atrocities of war throughout his long life. He used the Quaker network within the occupation force, including Elizabeth Vining, the then tutor to the Crown Prince. With Vining's advice, Schmoe wrote to the Imperial Household about his desire to help people in Japan rebuild from the ashes of war.
    He finally made it to Hiroshima in 1948, and one year later, he revisited there with a team of volunteers of diverse backgrounds. They were welcomed and began building houses for the surviving families. Schmoe's unrelenting efforts to enter Japan show the difficulties in getting access to an occupied country. People called the houses, "Schome House." On the site reads: "To build understanding; by building houses; that there may be peace." Schmoe's team later built houses for the widows with children in Nagasaki.
    In the lecture, participants can explore the meaning of peacebuilding, overcoming the calamities of war and seeking reconciliation with people from former enemy countries.

  • Designated TV Program: NHK WORLD-JAPAN "Houses for Peace:Exploring the Legacy of Floyd Schmoe" (August 16.2020)

Staff/スタッフ

    • Teacher
    Gail Nomura
    Associate Professor Emerita,
    University of Washington
    • Content Production
    Takaaki TAKAI
    Deputy Director, Bureau of Public Relations
    University of Tsukuba

Specal Thanks:
Hiroshima City University|Robert Jacobs|Hitoshi Nagai
Judy Rudolph|Brooks Andrews
Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum|Ryo Koyama
Tomiko Y. Schmoe|Hiroko Nishimura
Jean Walkinshaw|Sumiko Kitazawa
Yoshiaki Yoshizawa|Kumiko Yuki Takai
University of Washington Libraries’ Special Collections
The Chugoku Shimbun|SADAKO LEGACY
Densho|The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration

Competency/コンピテンシー

  • Creativity
  • Situation grasping ability

Specialized competencies

  • Journalism
  • empowerment of the ability to understand
  • grasp a historic event in a multi-faceted way

Learning Goal

  • understand how the news of a-bomb was reported worldwide in a systemic way
  • understand how the US government had come to legitimize the bombing
  • learn about the impact of the a-bombing on non-Japanese nationals and build understanding for both the damage and perpetration
  • develop an undertanding of the role that journalism played in the aftermath of the bombing
  • learn about the cases how conscience of individuals can play a role under a certain political regime
  • develop an understanding of the role journalism could play in war when anger and hatred can divide people in friends ad foes

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